Duplication Scoring Act of 2025

S. 2733, the Duplication Scoring Act of 2025, would require the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to review certain bills reported out of congressional committee for potential duplication with existing federal programs. Specifically, for each "covered bill" (a public bill or joint resolution reported by a committee, including Appropriations or Budget), the Comptroller General would determine whether it risks creating a new federal program, office, or initiative that duplicates or overlaps with something already flagged in GAO's existing annual duplication-and-overlap reports. If such a risk is found, GAO would identify the new program, cite the relevant section of the bill, and note which prior GAO report flagged the overlapping existing feature.

This information would be sent to the reporting committee and to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), and published on GAO's website. CBO could then attach it as a supplement to its standard cost estimate for that bill, giving lawmakers duplication-risk information alongside the usual budget scoring.

The bill was introduced September 8, 2025, by Senator Rand Paul with Senator Maggie Hassan, and referred to the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee. On August 6, 2026, the committee ordered it reported favorably without amendment, meaning it is now positioned for potential consideration by the full Senate.

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